Without a library of Platonic forms, evolution couldn’t work | Aeon Essays

Some believe with the Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein that mathematical truths are human inventions. But others believe with Plato that our visible world is a faint shadow of higher truths.

Nature’s libraries add another dimension to a centuries-old debate about the reality of the Platonic realm. Until now, this debate largely revolved around abstractions like the ones we find in mathematics. With the genotype networks, a new element enters: experimental science.

Source: Without a library of Platonic forms, evolution couldn’t work | Aeon Essays

U.S. Presidential Candidates Should Maintain Civility – The Atlantic

The integrity of the country’s political system is on the line.

the National Institute of Civil Discourse at the University of Arizona has just come out with guidelines for debaters, the debate audience and, importantly, the moderators, that need to be heeded. Most of the guidelines are simple and obvious: Debaters should be respectful of others, answer the questions asked, and stand against incivility; audience members should be respectful, not create disturbances, and listen to those speaking.

The key, though is the moderators. The Institute’s guidelines ask moderators to address uncivil behavior by calling it out; enforce debate rules equally; hold candidates accountable for truthfulness and integrity; treat candidates equally when it comes to complexity of issues and debate rules; and be respectful in interacting with the candidates.

debates need to be more than infotainment, offering a serious exploration of candidate’s positions, beliefs, and ability to govern. That puts a burden on the candidates, on the audience in the hall, and on the moderators. For the sake of America’s ability to govern itself, they all need to rise to the occasion. The NICD guidelines are a start.

Source: U.S. Presidential Candidates Should Maintain Civility – The Atlantic

Donald Trump Supporters Become More Isolated – The Atlantic

As the country’s ideological and demographic trends continue to favor Clinton, Trump’s blue-collar white backers become more isolated.

Like bookends, both candidates presented themselves as the last defense against gathering forces that would transform America and subjugate their supporters’ values. It only underscored the gulf that Clinton spoke at a Manhattan fundraiser of gay activists who were serenaded by Barbra Streisand, while Trump issued his warning in an interview with Pat Robertson’s Christian Broadcast Network at a conference of religious conservatives.

while polls show most Clinton voters welcome immigration and rising diversity, much of Trump’s support views each with alarm. Whoever wins in November will struggle to find common ground between these culturally antithetical coalitions.

Source: Donald Trump Supporters Become More Isolated – The Atlantic

Elizabeth Warren wants the FBI to treat big bank CEOs the way they treat Hillary Clinton — Quartz

Warren also wants the Department of Justice’s inspector general to investigate why no charges were forthcoming, and for Comey to testify about why the agency (which Comey has led since 2013) chose not to charge any of those people with crimes related to the crisis.

It seems unlikely that the FBI will comply with Warren’s request; it’s not even clear what kind of investigation was performed. But a rejection would underscore that for all the allegations of Clinton’s coziness to the financial sector, she still faces tougher scrutiny for sending e-mails than bankers have faced for bringing down the global economy.

And time is running out: Prosecutors have just ten years to prosecute many financial crimes.

Source: Elizabeth Warren wants the FBI to treat big bank CEOs the way they treat Hillary Clinton — Quartz

The Free-Time Paradox in America – The Atlantic

The rich were meant to have the most leisure time. The working poor were meant to have the least. The opposite is happening. Why?

So, what are are these young, non-working men doing with their time? Three quarters of their additional leisure time is spent with video games, Hurst’s research has shown. And these young men are happy—or, at least, they self-report higher satisfaction than this age group used to, even when its employment rate was 10 percentage points higher.

1. The availability of attractive work for poor men (especially black men) is falling, as the availability of cheap entertainment is rising.

2. Social forces cultivate a conspicuous industriousness (even workaholism) among affluent college graduates.

3. Leisure is getting “leaky.”

Source: The Free-Time Paradox in America – The Atlantic