A Nobel Prize-winning economist thinks we’re asking all the wrong questions about inequality

Source: A Nobel Prize-winning economist thinks we’re asking all the wrong questions about inequality

“Inequality is not the same thing as unfairness; and, to my mind, it is the latter that has incited so much political turmoil in the rich world today.”

— Angus Deaton
economics professor at Princeton and recipient of the 2015 Nobel Prize in economics

What’s unfair

Each year, the US wastes a trillion dollars ($8,000 per family) more than other wealthy nations on healthcare costs, with worse outcomes.

Many industries, like tech, media, and healthcare, are now run by a few, large companies.

Twenty percent of workers sign non-compete clauses, which prevent them from taking on side-hustles, reducing their incomes and bargaining power. What’s more, over half of non-union, privately employed Americans—some 60 million people—have signed mandatory arbitration agreements, which means they can never sue their employers.

Companies are increasingly replacing full-time, salaried workers with contractors.

As median wages have stagnated, corporate profits relative to GDP have grown 20% to 25%.

Corporate Taxes and the 2017 Republican Tax Reform Plan

Source: Wonky Thoughts: Corporate Taxes and the 2017 Republican Tax Reform Plan, by Doug Robbins

  • American corporate taxes are *not* “among the highest in the world”.
  • Corporate taxes have fallen as a percent of GDP from before the 1970s to after the 1970s.
  • American economic growth has been declining since World War II.
  • Wages have declined since World War II, as a share of gross domestic income (or similarly, GDP).
  • Corporate profits have soared since the 1980s.
  • Lower corporate taxes do not lead to higher economic growth or higher wages. Lower corporate taxes lead to higher corporate after-tax profits.

The Amazon machine

Source: The Amazon machine, by Benedict Evans

Amazon is a machine to make a machine, and the machine it makes is more Amazon.

Google doesn’t tend to be better at cloud platforms than Apple and worse at UIs because there are better or worse people in each team, but because each company is set up to deliver certain kinds of things, and the closer a project is to that machine’s direction the more reliable the result. If the machine is designed to do X, it will struggle at Y no matter how clever the people. A lot of the story of Amazon for the last 20 years is of how many Ys turned out to be Xs – how many categories that people thought could not be sold online and could not be sold as commodities turned out to be both.

The Agile Manifesto

Source: The Winter Getaway That Turned the Software World Upside Down

So what is the Agile Manifesto? The preamble reads, “We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it.” It then lays out the four core values:

  • Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
  • Working software over comprehensive documentation
  • Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
  • Responding to change over following a plan